/* Public journal site: default theme (deep navy academic). */
:root {
  --navy: #13294b;
  --navy-2: #1f3d6b;
  --navy-soft: #e8edf5;
  --ink: #1b2330;
  --muted: #5b6575;
  --line: #dde2ea;
  --bg: #ffffff;
  --soft: #f5f7fa;
  --accent: #a87a22;
  --link: #1f4f99;
  --serif: "Iowan Old Style", "Palatino Linotype", Palatino, Georgia, "Times New Roman", serif;
  --sans: -apple-system, BlinkMacSystemFont, "Segoe UI", Roboto, "Helvetica Neue", Arial, sans-serif;
}
* { box-sizing: border-box; }
html { -webkit-text-size-adjust: 100%; }
body { margin: 0; font-family: var(--sans); font-size: 16px; line-height: 1.6; color: var(--ink); background: var(--bg); }
a { color: var(--link); text-decoration: none; }
a:hover { text-decoration: underline; }
h1, h2, h3 { font-family: var(--serif); color: var(--navy); line-height: 1.25; font-weight: 600; }
h1 { font-size: 1.9rem; margin: 1.2rem 0 .6rem; }
h2 { font-size: 1.3rem; margin: 1.6rem 0 .6rem; }
.wrap { max-width: 1120px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 0 20px; }
.skip { position: absolute; left: -999px; }
.skip:focus { left: 8px; top: 8px; background: #fff; padding: 6px 10px; z-index: 10; }

.masthead { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; }
.masthead-inner { padding: 26px 20px 20px; }
.brand { color: #fff; display: block; }
.brand:hover { text-decoration: none; }
.brand-title { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.9rem; font-weight: 600; letter-spacing: .2px; }
.brand-sub { display: block; font-size: .9rem; color: #c9d4e6; margin-top: 4px; }
.mainnav { background: var(--navy-2); border-top: 1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.08); }
.mainnav ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 2px; }
.mainnav a { display: block; color: #e6ecf6; padding: 11px 14px; font-size: .95rem; white-space: nowrap; }
.mainnav a:hover { background: rgba(255,255,255,.08); text-decoration: none; }
.mainnav a[aria-current="page"] { background: rgba(255,255,255,.12); color: #fff; box-shadow: inset 0 -3px 0 var(--accent); }

main { padding: 12px 20px 48px; min-height: 60vh; }
.layout { display: grid; grid-template-columns: minmax(0, 1fr) 300px; gap: 40px; }
.sidebar { padding-top: 22px; }
.card { border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; padding: 18px; margin-bottom: 20px; background: #fff; }
.card h2 { font-size: 1.05rem; margin: 0 0 12px; }
.facts { margin: 0 0 14px; display: grid; grid-template-columns: auto 1fr; gap: 6px 12px; font-size: .92rem; }
.facts dt { color: var(--muted); }
.facts dd { margin: 0; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.plain { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.plain li { padding: 4px 0; }

.btn { display: inline-block; border: 1px solid var(--navy); color: var(--navy); border-radius: 6px; padding: 8px 14px; font-size: .95rem; font-weight: 500; background: #fff; }
.btn:hover { text-decoration: none; background: var(--navy-soft); }
.btn-primary { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; }
.btn-primary:hover { background: var(--navy-2); }
.btn-small { padding: 3px 10px; font-size: .85rem; }
.btn-block { display: block; text-align: center; }

.intro .lead { font-size: 1.05rem; color: var(--ink); }
.section-head { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: baseline; gap: 12px; flex-wrap: wrap; border-bottom: 2px solid var(--navy); margin-top: 28px; }
.section-head h2 { margin: 0 0 6px; }
.section-head a { font-size: .9rem; }

.toc { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; }
.toc { display: grid; gap: 12px; }
.toc-item { padding: 20px 24px; background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 10px; transition: border-color .15s, box-shadow .15s; }
.toc-item:hover { border-color: #c9ced8; box-shadow: 0 2px 10px rgba(18,32,58,.06); }
@media (max-width: 600px) { .toc-item { padding: 16px 16px; } }
.toc-title { font-size: 1.12rem; margin: 0 0 4px; }
.toc-title a { color: var(--navy); }
.toc-authors { margin: 0; color: var(--ink); }
.toc-meta { margin: 2px 0 8px; color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.toc-meta .sep { margin: 0 6px; }
.toc-links { margin: 0; display: flex; gap: 8px; }

.crumbs { font-size: .88rem; color: var(--muted); margin-top: 16px; }
.muted { color: var(--muted); }
.small { font-size: .88rem; }
.center { text-align: center; }

.volumes { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 16px 0; display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(4, minmax(0, 1fr)); gap: 14px; }
@media (max-width: 900px) { .volumes { grid-template-columns: repeat(2, minmax(0, 1fr)); } }
@media (max-width: 480px) { .volumes { grid-template-columns: 1fr; } }
.pager { display: flex; justify-content: center; align-items: center; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 6px; margin: 34px 0 10px; font-size: .95rem; }
.pager a, .pager span { min-width: 40px; height: 40px; padding: 0 12px; display: inline-flex; align-items: center; justify-content: center; border-radius: 999px; color: var(--ink); text-decoration: none; }
.pager a:hover { background: var(--navy-soft); color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; }
.pager span[aria-current] { background: var(--navy); color: #fff; font-weight: 600; }
.pager span.gap { min-width: 20px; padding: 0; color: var(--muted); }
.pager .step { padding: 0 18px; border: 1px solid var(--line); background: #fff; }
.pager .step:hover { border-color: var(--navy); }
.volumes a { display: block; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; padding: 18px; }
.volumes a:hover { border-color: var(--navy); text-decoration: none; background: var(--soft); }
.vol-label { display: block; font-family: var(--serif); font-size: 1.15rem; color: var(--navy); font-weight: 600; }
.vol-count { color: var(--muted); font-size: .9rem; }

.kicker { text-transform: uppercase; letter-spacing: .08em; font-size: .78rem; color: var(--accent); font-weight: 600; margin: 22px 0 0; }
.article-title { font-size: 1.75rem; margin-top: 6px; }
.authors { list-style: none; padding: 0; margin: 0 0 6px; display: flex; flex-wrap: wrap; gap: 4px 18px; font-size: 1.05rem; }
.authors sup { font-size: .7em; margin-left: 1px; }
.corr { color: var(--accent); margin-left: 1px; }
.orcid { display: inline-block; background: #a6ce39; color: #fff; font-size: .62rem; font-weight: 700; border-radius: 50%; width: 16px; height: 16px; line-height: 16px; text-align: center; vertical-align: 2px; }
.orcid:hover { text-decoration: none; }
.affiliations { margin: 6px 0 4px; padding-left: 20px; color: var(--muted); font-size: .92rem; }
.abstract { background: var(--soft); border-left: 3px solid var(--navy); padding: 4px 20px 8px; margin: 22px 0; border-radius: 0 6px 6px 0; }
.abstract h2 { margin-top: 14px; }
.cite .citation { background: #fff; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 6px; padding: 12px 14px; }
.cite pre { background: var(--soft); border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 6px; padding: 12px; overflow-x: auto; font-size: .85rem; }
.cite summary { cursor: pointer; color: var(--link); }

.prose { max-width: 820px; }
.prose img { max-width: 160px; height: auto; border-radius: 6px; }
.prose table { border-collapse: collapse; width: 100%; }
.prose td, .prose th { border: 1px solid var(--line); padding: 8px 10px; vertical-align: top; }
.page-editorial-board table, .page-editorial-board tbody, .page-editorial-board tr { display: contents; }
.page-editorial-board tbody { display: grid; grid-template-columns: repeat(auto-fill, minmax(240px, 1fr)); gap: 16px; margin: 8px 0 24px; }
.page-editorial-board td { display: block; border: 1px solid var(--line); border-radius: 8px; padding: 16px; background: #fff; }
.page-editorial-board td p { margin: 2px 0; font-size: .92rem; overflow-wrap: anywhere; }
.page-editorial-board td img { width: 96px; height: 116px; object-fit: cover; margin-bottom: 10px; }
.page-editorial-board > p > strong, .page-editorial-board h2, .page-editorial-board h3 { font-family: var(--serif); color: var(--navy); font-size: 1.2rem; }

.footer { background: var(--navy); color: #c9d4e6; font-size: .9rem; }
.footer a { color: #fff; }
.footer-inner { display: grid; grid-template-columns: 1fr 1fr; gap: 24px; padding: 28px 20px; }
.footer strong { color: #fff; }

.btn-block + .btn-block { margin-top: 8px; }
.btn-submit { background: var(--accent); border-color: var(--accent); }
.btn-submit:hover { background: #8f6619; }
.track { margin: 10px 0 0; }
.mobile-submit { display: none; }
.mainnav .nav-submit { margin-left: auto; }
.mainnav .nav-submit a { background: var(--accent); color: #fff; font-weight: 600; }
.mainnav .nav-submit a:hover { background: #8f6619; }
.submit-box { display: flex; justify-content: space-between; align-items: center; gap: 16px; flex-wrap: wrap;
  border: 1px solid var(--line); border-left: 4px solid var(--accent); border-radius: 8px; padding: 14px 18px; margin: 8px 0 22px; background: var(--soft); }
.submit-actions { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; }

@media (max-width: 860px) {
  .layout { grid-template-columns: 1fr; gap: 0; }
  .sidebar { padding-top: 0; }
  .footer-inner { grid-template-columns: 1fr; }
  .brand-title { font-size: 1.45rem; }
  h1, .article-title { font-size: 1.45rem; }
  main { padding: 8px 16px 40px; }
  .mainnav ul { flex-wrap: nowrap; overflow-x: auto; scrollbar-width: none; }
  .mainnav a { padding: 10px 12px; }
  .mainnav .nav-submit { margin-left: 0; order: -1; }
  .mobile-submit { display: flex; align-items: center; gap: 14px; margin: 4px 0 6px; }
  .wrap { padding: 0 16px; }
}